Missed connections frustrate travelers, yet the cause matters more than the outcome. Airline delays, weather disruptions, and mechanical issues fall within a carrier’s responsibility. However, delays due to government procedures do not. Customs and immigration operate independently, and random inspections can delay passengers without warning. When that delay causes a missed flight, confusion often follows. Responsibility depends on control. Airlines are judged by whether they caused the delay or had the authority to control it. That distinction determines rebooking options and compensation. Understanding this difference also helps travelers set realistic expectations before approaching airline staff or paying unexpected costs. After all, preparation before travel reduces shock and misplaced assumptions.